The CLBs entry into the bacterial cell is mediated through its interaction with cell-surface receptors, and thus conferring both specificity and selectivity. The Bacteriocin producing bacterium is protected from its own action by an immunity protein co-expressed with it. 

The mechanism of killing is through multiple modes like
Cell wall damage
Cell membrane damage
By interfering in metabolic pathways, 
DNase or RNase activities.



Bacteriocins - Advantages

Bacteriocins offer several advantages over antibiotics making them attractive starting points for developing anti-bacterial agents:
	(i) 	Specific - Their specificity offers a targeted approach and kills only the target pathogen, without damaging the commensal human microbiota or microbiome. 
	(ii) 	Resistance development – The Bacteriocins have a unique mode of action and hence there is no primed resistance in the bacterial community.
	(iii) Selective- Bacteriocins enter the bacterial cell through specific receptors which are absent on eukaryotic cells and hence are very selective agents. 
	(iv) Modular architecture – The colicin like bacteriocins (CLB) have modular domain structure that can be engineered to generate new bacteriocins with enhanced functionalities like activity/stability
	(v) 	Low toxicity – For generations the commensal bacteria in human body has been employing the bacteriocins to ward off invasions by pathogenic bacteria, hence natural bacteriocins can be expected to be safe to Humans.
	(vi) Synergy - The potency of Bacteriocin can further be enhanced by combining them with standard of care antibiotics